Apparatus for burning lime.



PATENTBD MAY 29 I INVENTOR C. ELLIS. APPARATUS FOR BURNING LIME.

APPLIGATION FILED JAN. 11, 1906.

'UNITED s ATEs ;PATENT OFFICE.

Specification of Letters. Patent.

;atentec May 29, 1906.

Application filed January 11, 1906. Serial No. 295 553.

To uli ?uhau-n it may concern:

Be it known that I, CARLETON ELLIs, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of White Plains, in the county of VVestchester and State of New York, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in A paratus -for Burning Lime, of which the fol owing is a specification.

This invention relates to apparatus for burning lime, and has for its object the gasification of the fuel employed in such roximity to the lime that the heat hjtherto 'ost n .the calcnation of lime by gasified fuels is completely conserved and rendered available for useful work. i

Lime-buming with producer-'gas has not in general roven economical, owing to the large heat osses in the producer and conduts due to occurrence of wasteful reactions, to radiation, and other causes. These losses are vari'ously estimated at from fifteen to twenty per cent. or more' of the total fuel. By my invention this fuel is saved;

My invention comprises a shaft-kiln, preferably of the continuous-draw type, having immediate connection with one or more gasiin -chambers adapted to continuously asli hard or soft coal, coke, or other solid By reference to the accom anying sectional drawing a clear understan mg of my invention ma be had.

The rawing shows in vertical section a' vertical shaft in whose foundation gas-generators are disposed in such a manner as to' form an integral structure.

In the drawing, 1 is the thick shaft-wall; 2, a hopper or com'cal-shaped chamber in which 'the raw Iimestone is placed.

'3 is the shaft' proper.

4 is a cooling-receptacle of the usual type. 5 and 6 are gasgenerators or'gasifiers' of considerable de th of firerchamber, thereby difl ering from t e fire-boxesprdinarily emplo ed. They ,are adapted to contain a bed of el of efiicient gasfying depth. .Gratebars 7 and 8 support the'fuel-bed in the gasifiers' and 6, respectively conditions may take the form of a water seal.

'The gasifiers are provdd with/tle fuelfeeding hoppers 11 and12f .Under certain circumstances automaticeeds may be used. The to ing-ho es, `'ch convenently may be situated in the flanged bottom of the feedingi troduced into the ashit.

of the producer is provided with pok- I hopper; The gasifiers al placed at the base i l of the vertical shaft, are appurtenant thereto, and open dircctlyathereinto through the open- I ings or ports 13 and 14. Ordinarily the gasif fiers are Situated in the foundations of the l shaft-chamber. The disposition is such that l an integral structuref is produced which has many advantages over -the separately-con j structed producer and kilnthat is to say, l those forms of apparatus 'in which the pro; I ducer is structurally remot from the combustion chanber.

15 Indu@ ?are ash-pit doors, which are opened .onl for cleaning, &0.

. 17 and 18 are inductors or blo`wers," adapted to propel a mixture of air and roducts of combustion into the ash-pits. T e induc'tive force is developed by a jet of compressed air discharged through the nozzles 19 and 20. This-air is supplied by the 'positive pressure blower or ,compressor 23. Interposed in the pipe connecting the blower with the n'ozzles is a pressure-equalizer 24, which, however, may be dispensed within many instances. The nozzles are equipped with Valves for regulating the air-flow. The heads lids 21 and 22 in order that air, cold or heated, may be supplied independently of that introduced by the nozzles. From the upper part of the kiln flues 25 and 26 extend to the inductors 17 and 18, respectively, for the purpose of entering products of combustion into the gasifiers. Dampers (not here shown) are under four or five pounds pressure is discharged through-the nozzles 19 and 20,- a suction or inductive action is exerted, causing the waste products of combustion to be in- If thelids 21 and 22 are opened, air is lkewise drawn in. By adjusting these aforementioned valves .and dampers a mixture of carbon dioxid, oxygen, and nitrogen is obtained, which mantains the generator-fire at an effective gasifying temperature.

v At suitable points in the kiln sight-holes i are rovded, one of which is shown at 27. 9 and 10 are ash-pits, whichunder certain I T e air re uired 'for'the combustion of the as enters eit er by the way of the cooler 4 or y air-ports' (not shown) .located near the as-ports 13 and 14. The air maybe pree -eated, if desired. y

My apparatus is constructed, as is evident,

of the inductors are fitted with removable ordinarily placed in these flues. When air n a manner which prevents loss-f heat in 'transmsson V The gasifiers open directly IOO ' into the sha'ft and the gas is used almost the losses are praetically mil.

` burned by. a

' structed to open at eombusti'on or to su 'with products of com Hence the radiation Radiated heat from the fuel-bed in the gasifiers also aids in burnin the lime. With this apparatus al-` most ouble the amount of lime may be gas-producer apaI-'t from the kiln under existing practice. With hmerock in small fragments, such as quarryspalls, it is desirable to use a short-shaft kiln and apply induced draft. Fan-blowers may be used to force air into-the shaft for instant it is generated.

ply air or air mixed ustion to the gasifiers. Such a paratus is generally needed only When t e draft is poor, due to presence of `spa11s or to the emplo ment of a lime-rock, Which ulverizes or "ines" under the influence o heat. As shown, the bottom of the ash-pits 9 and 10 are pan-like receptacles, in which may be placed water, if desired. Moisture is often desirable in the caicination of lime, owing to its catalytic action'.

The limestone is introduced into the upper part of the verticaLshaft calcination-chamer and moves downwardly through the shaft, coming in. contact With the flame and hot gases which are moving upwardly. The carbon dioxid is thereby driven ofl from the lime-rock and the iime is removed intermittently through the cooler 4, which is conthe bottom and eriodically discharge the desired amount o lime.

My invention' combines all the advantages of direct firin with those of gas-firing, without the disa vanta es of either( With direct firing a fiame o sufficient length is difficultto secure. The present invention easily aflords a flame of the desired length. With gas-firing in the ordinary way there are great &21,996

losses of heat which do not obtain with my appartus. i What I claim is- 1. A gas-fired furnace for calcining lime which comprises a vertical-shaft calcinationadapted to contain a deep bed of fuel, opening thereinto; an inductor for entering air and products of combustion into said generator; and a flue in the walls of said'chamber c'onnecting, the upper said inductor.

2. A gas-fired furnace for caloining lime which comprises a -vertical-shaft calcining-` chamber; at the basethereof a dee -chambered gasifier adapted to contain a of coa1;` an opening from the upper said gasifier into the lower part of sai ber; means for chamber; and

cham- .the admsson of ar to said means for enterng mto sad gasifier in its lower part a draft-current containing regulated amounts of air and 'products of combustion. v

3. A gas-fired furnace for calcining limewhich compris es a caicining-chamber; at the base thereof a deep-chambered gasifier; a passage 'from the upper part of said gasifier into' the lower part of said chamber; means for the admission of air to said chamber; and

means for entering into said gaser a draft-' current containing regulated amounts of air and products of combustion.

Signed at New York, in the county of New portion thereof with eep bed art of' York and State of NewYork, this 10th day' of January, A. D. 1906.

' CARLETON ELLIs,

Witnesses:

-FLETCHER P. SCOFIELD,

FRED.-I.SM1TH. 

